Ikhono lokuthola inombolo oyifunayo yezingane ngesikhala ozikhethele sona phakathi kwezingane UkuHlela Komndeni. Ingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlela umndeni iphathelene nokuvimbela inzalo.
Ukuvimbela inzalo kubalulekile, ngoba abantu kufanele bakwazi ukukhetha nokulawula lapho befuna ukukhulelwa. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuvimbela inzalo kubalulekile ekulweni ne-HIV/AIDS. Ukuhlela ukukhulelwa kukusiza ukuthi uzilungiselele futhi kukusiza ukuthi ube nomntwana uma isikhathi sakho sikulungele.
Okubalulekile, umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo kufanele akunikeze zonke izinketho ezitholakalayo (igama, isenzo, ubude besikhathi, imiphumela emibi, njll) ezifanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho zomzimba, zomphakathi kanye nezengqondo futhi ngemva kwalokho ungenza isinqumo mayelana nendlela yokuvimbela inzalo ofuna ukuyenza. thatha. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi imvume enolwazi.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Ikhondomu yabesilisa
Ikhondomu yabesilisa ivala umthondo ukuze libambe isidoda njengoba siphuma ngesikhathi socansi. Amakhondomu ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kukho kokubili izifo kanye nokukhulelwa uma esetshenziswe ngendlela efanele. Sicela uhlole izinsiza ezengeziwe zokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani lekhondomu ngendlela efanele.
Amakhondomu akufanele asetshenziswe nezinto zokugcoba ezisekelwe kuwoyela, kuhlanganise nokhilimu, njengoba lokhu kulimaza impahla ye-latex.
Ikhondomu yabesifazane
Ikhondomu yabesifazane ifakwa esithweni sangasese sangasese noma endunu ngaphambi kokuya ocansini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungena kwesidoda noma izifo ngesikhathi socansi. Yenziwe ngerabha futhi inamasongo amabili ukusiza ukufakwa nokuqinisekisa indawo efanele. Sicela uhlole izinsiza ezengeziwe zokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani lekhondomu ngendlela efanele.
Ikhondomu yabesifazane ayithinteki ezintweni zokuthambisa ezenziwe ngowoyela.
Izindlela zeHormones
Amahomoni ayizithunywa zamakhemikhali zomzimba. Izindlela ze-homoni zihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwamahomoni ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvimbela inzalo. Amahomoni afana namahomoni omzimba futhi aphephile ukuwasebenzisa, ngaphandle uma kungqubuzana nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Izindlela ezimbili ezijwayelekile zamahomoni iCombined Oral Contraceptive (COC) kanye neProgestogen only Pill (POP).
I-COC ijwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi “Iphilisi” kanye ne-POP ngokuthi “Iphilisi Elincane.”
COC/ Iphilisi
Iphilisi liyinhlanganisela yamahomoni amabili asesimweni samaphilisi. Isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ithathwa nsuku zonke futhi iphephile uma izifo noma izimo ezithile, isifo senhliziyo sangaphambilini, zingabandakanywa. Ungabuyela ekuvundeni ngaphandle kokulibala ngemva kokuyeka iphilisi.
Uma uqala iphilisi ezinsukwini ezi-5 zomjikelezo wakho, iphilisi linikeza ukuvikeleka okusheshayo. Uma kungenjalo, isivikelo esinikezwa iphilisi sibambezeleka cishe ngezinsuku eziyi-7. Kuyancomeka ukuthi uqhubeke nokusebenzisa ikhondomu ngenkathi udla iphilisi. Amakhondomu ayindlela yokuvimbela inzalo (izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo) futhi ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela ezimbili ezihlukene kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvikela okukabili.
Ukuvikela okukabili kubalulekile njengoba kuphumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni kokubili ukukhulelwa kanye nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, okuhlanganisa ne-HIV.
Imiphumela emibi evamile
- Isicanucanu
- isiyezi
- isimo sengqondo
- ubuhlungu bekhanda obuthambile
- amabele athambile
- ukopha okukhulu
Le miphumela engemihle ingenzeka phakathi nezinyanga ezi-3 zokuqalisa iphilisi futhi ngokuvamile zizixazulula ngokwazo ngemva kwalokho.
Iphilisi lelulekwa ngokumelene nabantu abanalo noma:
- ukuncelisa izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezingaphansi kwamasonto angu-6 ubudala (amasonto amathathu ubudala uma zingancelisi). Iphilisi liphephile ngaphandle kwalezi zikhathi.
- bhema osikilidi abayi-10-15 ngosuku futhi ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala
- ikhanda elibuhlungu
- umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nezinye izifo zenhliziyo ezifana nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo kwangaphambilini
- isifo sikashukela iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
- Imithi ye-TB
Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nalokhu kungqubuzana ukuze enze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu lapho ukhetha indlela.
Kwenzekani uma ugeja iphilisi?
- Uphuthelwe iphilisi elilodwa (ngosuku olulodwa) - Thatha iphilisi eligejiwe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula futhi uqhubeke uphuza amanye amaphilisi ngesikhathi esivamile.
- Uphuthelwe izinsuku ezimbili noma ngaphezulu:
- Thatha kuphela iphilisi elisanda kugeja ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. lahla ezinye ezigejiwe.
- Qhubeka uphuza amaphilisi ngesikhathi esijwayelekile
- Sebenzisa amakhondomu noma ugweme ucansi kuze kube amaphilisi ayi-7 alandelanayo.
Iphilisi le-POP
I-POP/miniPill isebenza ngendlela efanayo nokuvimbela ukukhulelwa uma kuqhathaniswa nephilisi elihlanganisiwe (COC). Isebenza ngokujiya amafinyila omlomo wesibeletho ukuvimba ukungena esibelethweni. Kufanele kuthathwe ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ngaphandle kwekhefu phakathi. Iphilisi elincane liphephile noma liphephile uma kuqhathaniswa ukuthi lingasetshenziswa ohlwini lwezimo ezingavunyelwe zeTheku/COC, ngaphandle kwemithi ye-TB.
Okubalulekile, iqala ukusebenza ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili (amahora angu-48) iqalile. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela inzalo okubili kuyanconywa ngaphambi kwamahora angu-48 nangemuva kwalokho ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.
Imiphumela emibi evamile
- Ngokufanayo nephilisi elihlanganisiwe
- izinguquko ekopheni kokuya esikhathini noma amabala.
Kwenzekani uma ugeje iphilisi elincane:
Ngamahora angaphezu kwama-3:
- Thatha iphilisi ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula
- Qhubeka uphuza iphilisi elilodwa ngosuku njengenjwayelo
- Sebenzisa amakhondomu noma ugweme ucansi amahora angama-48 alandelayo
Kunezinhlobo zokuvimbela inzalo ezithatha isikhathi eside okungadingeki ukuba uzithathe nsuku zonke kanye nawo wonke umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Lezi zihlukaniswe ngalezo ezingahle zihlehliswe futhi zibe yilezo ezingahlehliseki.
Izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ezisebenza isikhathi eside
Imithi yokuvimbela inzalo ebuyisela emuva esebenza isikhathi eside ihlanganisa:
Imijovo
- I-Depo-Provera (umjovo wezinyanga ezi-3)
- I-NET-EN (umjovo wezinyanga ezi-2)
Izimila
- I-implanon
- induku eyodwa (iminyaka emi-3)
- izinduku ezimbili (iminyaka emi-5)
Izinto zokuvimbela inzalo ezifakwa esibelethweni I-intrauterine contraception (IUD)
- I-Copper IUD (iminyaka eyi-10)
- I-Nova T (iminyaka emi-5)
- I-LNG-IUS (iminyaka emi-5)
Imijovo
imijovo iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela inzalo. Aqukethe amahomoni afanayo nalawo atholakala emaphilisini. Benza ngokuvimbela ukukhululwa kweqanda ngama-ovari nokuvimbela ukungena kwesidoda esibelethweni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemijovo yokuvimbela inzalo etholakala eNingizimu Afrika:
- I-Depo-Provera (umjovo wezinyanga ezi-3)
- I-NET-EN (umjovo wezinyanga ezi-2)
Imijovo inikezwa ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. uma uthola umjovo wakho phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 zomjikelezo wakho, ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikeleka ngokushesha. kodwa-ke, uma wamukelwe ngemuva kosuku lwesi-7, kufanele usebenzise amakhondomu noma ugweme ucansi izinsuku eziyi-7 ezilandelayo.
Imiphumela emibi evamile
- Ukopha okungajwayelekile noma ukuba namabala. Lokhu kuwumphumela ovamile futhi kufanele wehle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Ukulahlekelwa yizikhathi. Lokhu kuvamile kwezinye izinto zokuvimbela inzalo futhi azilimazi
- Isisindo somzimba. imijovo ingakhuphula isifiso sakho sokudla
uBuyela ekwazini ukukhulelwa
Ngokungafani namaphilisi, imijovo ibangela ukubambezeleka ukubuyela ekuvundeni uma usuyekile indlela yokuvimbela inzalo. Lokhu akulimazi ikhono lokukhulelwa. ukubambezeleka ngu:
- Izinyanga eziyisi-6 zomjovo wezinyanga ezi-3 (Depo Provera), kanye
- Izinyanga ezi-4 zomjovo wezinyanga ezi-2 (Net-En).
Kwenzekani uma uphuthelwa usuku lomjovo
Usengathola ukujova kwakho kabusha uma ugeje i-Depo (umjovo wezinyanga ezi-3) ngaphansi kwamaviki ama-4 kanye ne-Net-En (umjovo wezinyanga ezi-2) ngamaviki angu-2.
Imijovo yelulekwa ukuthi ilwelwe kubantu abanakho noma:
- abantu abancelisayo
- Abana mdlavuza wamabele
Izimila
Izimila, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Implanon noma i-Implanon Next, ziyizivimbi-nzalo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. I-implant iyinduku encane engu-4cm efakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sengalo engenhla ingashiyi izibazi. Ikhulula inani elincane le-hormone ye-progesterone emzimbeni, futhi ngaleyo ndlela isebenza ngokufana nephilisi le-progesterone kuphela (i-POP noma iphilisi elincane) futhi ngaleyo ndlela libe nemiphumela emibi efana nephilisi elincane. Ukufakelwa kungahlala iminyaka emi-3.
Okubalulekile, Ukufakelwa kukhipha inani elincane noma ukugcwala kwehomoni kunephilisi kanye/noma iphilisi elincane futhi imiphumela emibi iba mincane futhi iba mnene uma yenzeka.
Uma isifakelo sifakwa phakathi nezinsuku ezinhlanu zokuqala esikhathini/umjikelezo wakho, sikunikeza ukuvikeleka ngokushesha. Uma ifakwe ngemuva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu, kuyancomeka ukuthi usebenzise ikhondomu noma ugweme ucansi izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhondomu kuhlale kunconywa ekuvimbeleni izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi okuhlanganisa ne-HIV.
Ngokungafani nemijovo, kukhona ukubuyela ngokushesha ekuvundeni ngokukhishwa kokufakelwa. Akudingekile futhi ukuthi ulinde iminyaka emi-3 ukuze ususe i-implant, uvakashela umhlinzeki wezempilo oseduze ukuze asuswe njengoba ufisa.
Izinto zokuvimbela inzalo ezifakwa esibelethweni I-intrauterine contraception (IUD)
i-IUD yethusi (Cu IUD)
I-IUCD iyithuluzi elincane elenziwe ngepulasitiki nethusi elifakwa esibelethweni. Kuphephile futhi kusebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukukhulelwa. I-Cu IUD isebenza ngokuvimbela ukunyakaza kwesidoda ngaphakathi kwesibeletho. Ukusebenza kwayo kusebenza iminyaka eyi-10 futhi kuyasuswa ngemuva kwalokho. I-Cu IUD ayiphazamisi ucansi olungena ngaphakathi.
I-Cu IUD inikeza ukuvikeleka okusheshayo uma ifakwe ezinsukwini zokuqala eziyi-12 zomjikelezo.
Ukubuyela ekuvundeni kwenzeka ngokushesha lapho i-Cu IUD isuswa.
Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo
- Izinguquko zokuya esikhathini. Izikhathi zingaba nzima, zibe zinde futhi zibe namajaqamba. Lokhu kwenzeka ezinyangeni zokuqala ezingu-3-6.
Ngemva kokufakwa kwayo, umuntu kufanele alandele esikhungweni sezempilo ngeviki lesi-6 ngemva kokufakwa bese ekhishwa ngemva kweminyaka eyi-10, noma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sokukhetha.
Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kufanele kukhulunywe ngezimpawu eziyisixwayiso okufanele zisheshe zibuyele esikhungweni sezempilo. Lezi izi:
- Ukukhipha isisu okucasulayo noma okuguquliwe
- Uphuthelwe isikhathi
i-Mirena
I-mirena ikhipha i-hormone etholakala kuma-implants kanye ne-POP ngqo esibelethweni nezakhiwo ezizungezile. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ibe nemiphumela emibi embalwa uma iqhathaniswa nezindlela zamahomoni. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukukhulelwa. Ihlala iminyaka emi-5.
Uma i-Mirena ifakwa phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 zokuqala zokuya esikhathini/umjikelezo wakho, ikunikeza ukuvikeleka okusheshayo. uma ifakwe ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7, kuyancomeka ukuthi usebenzise ikhondomu noma ugweme ucansi izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhondomu kuhlale kunconywa ekuvimbeleni izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.
Ukubuyela ekuvundeni kuyashesha nomzimba.
Izindlela zokuvala inzalo
I-Tubal ligation "Ukubopha amashubhu"
I-Tubal ligation iyindlela yokuhlinzwa ehlala njalo yokuvimbela inzalo lapho amashubhu e-fallopian eboshwa kusetshenziswa iziqeshana noma izindandatho. Lokhu kuvimbela isidoda ukuthi sifinyelele kuma-ovari. Ngenxa yalokhu kuvinjelwa, i-tubal ligation isebenza ngokushesha ngemva kwenqubo yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia futhi ngaleyo ndlela akubuhlungu.
I-Tubal ligation ayithinti izikhathi noma isifiso socansi kanye nomsebenzi wocansi.
I-Vasectomy
Isidoda siyingxenye yengxube ebizwa ngokuthi i-ejaculate. Le ngxube ibizwa ngokuthi isidoda. Isidoda yisona esiphuma epipini ngesikhathi sokuvuselela.
I-Vasectomy iyindlela yokuhlinzwa ehlala njalo yokuvimbela inzalo lapho kusikwa khona imigudu ebizwa ngokuthi ama-vas deferens. Lokhu kuvimbela isidoda ukuthi singahlangani ne-ejaculate. I-vasectomy yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia futhi ayibuhlungu.
I-vasectomy ayithinti ikhono lokuthola nokugcina ukuma, isifiso socansi noma ukuqhanyelwa.
Kuthatha ngokwesilinganiso izinyanga ezi-3 ukuthi i-ejaculate ingabi naso isidoda. Kuyancomeka ukuthi ugqoke amakhondomu kuze kube yileso sikhathi.
Umphumela ovamile ohlangothini lwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kulawulwa imithi yezinhlungu futhi ubuhlungu buhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa.
