Siyini isifo sikashukela?
I-glucose iwuhlobo lukashukela oludingwa amaseli omzimba wakho ukuze enze umsebenzi wawo. Ukudla esikudlayo kugaywa kube yi-glucose. Amazinga e-glucose emzimbeni alawulwa ngokucophelela umzimba wakho, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba amazinga e-glucose aphakame kakhulu noma ehle kakhulu. Amazinga e-glucose alawulwa umzimba wakho ngehomoni ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Insulin, ekhiqizwa amanyikwe, phecelezi i-pancreas. I-Insulin isebenza njengesihluthulelo esivumela i-glucose ukuba isuke egazini ingene kumaseli.
Isifo sikashukela yisifo esivela lapho amazinga e-glucose ephakeme kakhulu egazini. Lokhu kuvela lapho umzimba wakho ungakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele noma uma umzimba wakho ungayisebenzisi ngokufanele i-insulin.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zesifo sikashukela:
Uhlobo 1 Lwesifo Sikashukela: luvela lapho umzimba ungakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ushukela egazini uyancipha. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile luthinta abantu abasebasha.
Uhlobo 2 Lwesifo Sikashukela: Lapho umzimba umelana nokusebenzisa i-insulini ekhiqizwa umzimba ukuze unciphise amazinga kashukela egazini. Lolu hlobo luvela kubantu abadala futhi yilona oluvame kakhulu.
Ezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela zihlanganisa isifo sikashukela esingase sivele phakathi nokukhulelwa, esibizwa ngokuthi yi-Gestational Diabetes.
Izici eziyingozi
Okulandelayo kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuba nesifo sikashukela:
• Ukukhuluphala noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ukungazivocacovi noma ukungawunyakazini umzimba
- Umlando womndeni wokuba nesifo sikashukela
- Ukuba nesifo sikashukela ngokudlule ngesikhathi ukhulelwe
Izimpawu
• Ukuhlale womile
• Ukuchama ngaphezu kokuvamile
• Ukukhathala
• Ukuncipha kwesisindo somzimba okungachazeki
• Ukubona ngendlela efiphele
• Ukuba ne-thrush izikhathi eziningi
Yini engenzeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa
Ukuba namazinga angalawuleki e-glucose egazini lakho kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni nasenhlalakahleni yakho. Amazinga aphakeme e-glucose athinta kabi imithambo yegazi kanye nezinzwa futhi kwenza amasosha omzimba omuntu abe buthaka noma athole izifo kalula. Ngezansi kukhona izifo ezithile ezingabangelwa yisifo sikashukela.
Ukuqina nokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi
Ibucayi imithelela yamazinga aphakeme e-glucose emithanjeni yegazi.
Ingabangela isifo ezindaweni lapho imithamo emincane yegazi ibaluleke kakhulu khona. Lezi zindawo zihlanganisa izinso namehlo akho. Ngakho, abantu abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga zokungaboni kanye nobumpumputhe kanye nokufa kwezinso. Uma unesifo sikashukela, qinisekisa ukuthi ubona udokotela njalo ngonyaka ukuze ahlole amehlo akho.
Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa singathinta nemithambo emikhulu. Lokhu kungaholela esifweni senhliziyo(njengokushaywa yinhliziyo), ukushaywa unhlangothi (lapho izingxenye zengqondo yakho zingakwazi ukuthola igazi elanele) kanye nokungavukelwa, okungaphazamisa impilo yakho yezocansi.
Ukuphazamiseka kwamasosha omzimba
Isifo sikashukela esingalawula singaba nomthelela omubi emasosheni akho omzimba, anomsebenzi wokulwa nezifo. Singathinta nendlela umzimba wakho okwazi ngayo ukuphola ngemva kokulimala. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlinzwa kuyingozi uma isifo sikashukela singalawulwa.
Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwezinzwa
Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa singabangela ukuba izinzwa zakho, ikakhulukazi ezandleni nasezinyaweni, zingasebenzi kahle. Lokho kungaholela ekubeni ndikindiki kwezandla nezinyawo. Ngokuvamile ukuba ndikindiki kungaba bucayi kangangokuthi iziguli zingase zingaqapheli ukuze zishile noma zilimaze unyawo lwazo, okungabangela isifo esikhulu. Le ngozi enkulu yokuba nesifo onyaweni okuhambisana namasosha omzimba angasenawo amandla, njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla, kungaholela ekutheni kudingeke ukuba unyawo lunqanyulwe.
i-Diabetic Foot
I-Diabetic foot lihlanganisa izinkinga eziningi ezingabangelwa isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa. Ngenxa yemithelela yesifo sikashukela esingalawulwa emithanjeni yakho yegazi, amasosha omzimba kanye nezinzwa, ungaba sengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga ezibucayi zezinyawo, njenge-gangrene (ukufa kwezicubu). Abantu abanesifo sikashukela banamathuba aphindeke izikhathi ezingu-15 okunqanyulwa ilungu lomzimba. Umuntu oyedwa kwabayisithupha onesifo sikashukela uzoba nezilonda onyaweni okungaholela ezinkingeni ezibucayi. Emhlabeni jikelele, abantu abanesifo sikashukela balahlekelwa unyawo njalo ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-30 ngenxa yokungalawuli kahle kanye nokunganakekeli kahle unyawo.
It is therefore important that you look after your feet well. Read the additional resource on how to look after your feet. Below are some Do’s and Don’ts.
Yenza:
- Geza izinyaqo zakho nsuku zonke
- Sula izinyawo zakho futhi ukuzihlole nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinzwane
- Sika amazipho akho
- Ungasebenzisa i-antifungals
- Gqoka izicathulo ezintofontofo
- Gqoka amasokisi avamile, kodwa qinisekisa ukuthi ugqoka amasokisi ahlanzekile nsuku zonke
Ungakwenzi
- Ungahambi ngezinyawo
- Ungashisi izinyawo zakho ngokuhlala eduze kakhulu kwe-heater
- Ungasiki izinzipho kakhulu
- Ungakugwemi ukunethezeka
Lezi zici zesifo sikashukela esingalawulwa sibucayi futhi ziyakhathaza. Okujabulisayo ukuthi lezi zinto zingavinjelwa kalula ngokulawula isifo sikashukela. Sichaza ukuthi lokhu kungenziwa kanjani ngezansi.
Ukuvimbela nokwelapha
Lifestyle changes
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isifo sikashukela singalawulwa noma okungenani singalawulwa ngokuyingxenye ngokwenza ushintsho endleleni ophila ngayo. Ezinye zezinguquko zendlela ophila ngayo ezingathinta noma zize zelaphe uHlobo 2 Lwesifo Sikashukela zihlanganisa:
- Ukunciphisa eziphuzweni ezinoshukela (kuhlanganise ijusi yezithelo) kanye nokunciphisa ekudleni okuqukethe ushukela omningi (amaswidi, amakhekhe, nezinye izinto ezibhakiwe)
- Ukugwema ukudla okunoshukela onezelwe, njengesinkwa esimhlophe, kunalokho uhle ukudla ukunokusanhlamvu.
- Nciphisa usawoti (yidla okungaphansi kwethisipuni kasawoti ngosuku)
- Gwema ukuphuza utshwala. Funda ipheshana lethu elimayelana notshwala ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.
- Ukuzivocavoca kungakusiza ulawule uHlobe 2 lwesifo sikashukela kahle kakhulu. Ngokuzivocavoca ngendlela engakhandli kakhulu imizuzu engu-30 ngosuku izinsuku ezingu-5 ngeviki ungathuthukisa impilo yakho ngokushesha. Funda ipheshana lethu elimayelana nokuzivocavoca ukuze uthole amacebiso.
Zinakekele
Hlola amazinga kashukela egazini emtholampilo noma ekhemisi. Ngokwazi lokho okwenziwa amazinga e-glucose egazi lakho, wena nodokotela wakho ningaqinisekisa ukuthi usohlelweni olufanele lokwelashwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unakekele izinyawo zakho ngokuthi uzihlole nsuku zonke ukuthi kukhona izilonda kuzo yini. Gqoka izicathulo ezintofontofo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi azinawo amatshe. Gwema ukuhamba ngezinyawo ngaphandle futhi uqinisekise ukuthi awuzishisi izinyawo zakho ngokuzisondeza eduze kwe-heater noma umlilo.
Landela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha
Uma usebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi, owunikezwe udokotela wakho, qinisekisa ukuthi ulandela uhlelo ngokucophelela. Sebenzisa okokusebenzisa umuthi kule app ukuze usethe izikhumbuzo futhi uqonde kangcono umuthi wakho. Lapho ukhumbula kangcono ukuthatha umuthi wakho, kuba lula ukulawula ukulawula isifo sikashukela.
Into okumelwe uyibheke
Kunezinto ezithile okumelwe uziqaphele kuye ngokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela onaso kanye nokuthi yimiphi imithi oyisebenzisayo.
Uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela
Uma unohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela, uzobe usebenzisa i-Insuliln. Ngokuvamile umzimba ukhiqiza inani elanele le-insulin elivumelana nenani le-glucose egazini. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi akunjalo kumuntu onohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela, inselele kuba ukwazi ukuthi kudingeka i-Insulin engakanani ezohambisana nokudla okudliwayo.
Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Insulin ezisebenza ngezindlela ezingafani. I-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside isiza ekunciphiseni amazinga e-glucose phakathi nosuku, kuyilapho i-insulin esebenza isikhathi esifushane isiza ekulawuleni ukukhuphuka kwe-glucose ngemva kokudla. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi kunini lapho kufanele uthathe khona i-insulin, ukhumbula ukuthi kungase kuhambisane nokuthi udla nini.
Kwenzekani lapho ungayisebenzisi i-insulin?
Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba awukwazi ukugaya i-glucose ngaphandle kwe-insulin, ungase uphephele kwezinye izinhlobo zamandla uma sekuphele isikhathi eside i-insulin ingakhishwa. Esimweni lapho i-insulin ihluleka ukusetshenziswa, i-glucose yegazi iba yiningi kodwa umzimba awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngakho umzimba ube ususebenzisa amafutha ukuze uthole amandla. Ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lwamafutha kusebenza isikhathi esifushane kuphela, ngoba kungashintsha ukuhleleka kwamakhemikhali egazi. Lolu shintsho lungabangela “i-Diabetic Ketoacidosis” ebizwa nangokuthi yi-DKA. I-DKA ingaba yingozi kakhulu futhi uma kusolwa ukuthi ikhona umuntu kumelwe aye esibhedlela ngokushesha.
Izimpawu ze-DKA zihlanganisa:
- Ukoma ngokweqile
- Ukudideka
- Ukuquleka
- Ukuba buthaka
- Iphunga lomlomo elisasithelo noma elisashukela
- Isicanucanu nokubuyisa
- Izinhlungu esiswini
Kwenzekani lapho usebenzisa i-insulin eningi kakhulu?
Ukusebenzisa i-insulini eningi kakhulu kunaleyo edingekayo nakho kungaba yingozi. Ukusebenzisa okuningi kakhulu kungabangela ukuba kube ne-glucose encane egazini. Uma usola lokhu, qinisekisa ukuthi uneswidi noma omunye umthombo kashukela ongawudla. Uma kubucayi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuba uye esibhedlela.
Izimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini zihlanganisa:
- izinhliziyo engashayi ngokujwayelekile noma eshaya ngokushesha
- ukuqhaqhazela
- isikhumba esiphaphathekile
- ukujuluka
- ukukhathazeka
- ukulamba
- ukucikeka
Uhlobo 2 Lwesifo Sikashukela
Uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela esingalawulwa (amazinga aphakeme e-glucose egazini) lungabangela lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Diabetic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HSS). Lokhu kungaholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni okusongela ukuphila futhi ngenxa yalokho kufanele wazi izinkomba nezimpawu. Zihlanganisa:
- ukoma ngokweqile
- ukuchama ngokweqile
- umlomo owomile
- umkhuhlane
- ukozela
- ukudideka
- ukubona izinto ezingekho
Ohlotsheni 2 lwesifo sikashukela, kukhona ingozi encane yokuba nezinga eliphansi likashukela uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela. Nokho, uma usebenzisa i-insulin njengengxenye yokwelapha kwakho uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, qinisekisa ukuthi ufunda ingxenye engenhla emayelana nokusebenzisa i-insulin.