Iyini i-TB?
I-TB imelela ukuthi Tuberculosis. Ibangelwa yibhaktheriya elibizwa ngokuthi Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Yibhaktheriya elingabangela izifo ezimbi, ngokuvamile ezithinta amaphaphu. Igama elithi pulmonary lichaza okuhlobene namaphaphu. I-TB ingayithinta nengqondo, umgogodla kanye ngokwezinga elincane isisu nenhliziyo. Yibhaktheriya okunzima ukulibulala, yingakho kudingeka usebenzise imithi yokulwa nalo isikhathi eside.
Izici Eziyingozi
Amasosha akho omzimba asiza ekulweni nezifo futhi uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthaka, ungathola i-TB. Imbangela evamile yamasosha omzimba abuthaka eNingizimu Afrika yi-HIV engelashwa. Ezinye zezimbangela zamasosha omzimba abuthaka yilezi:
- Ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala
- Isifo sikashukela
- Isifo esibucayi sezinso
- Umdlavuza
Ezinye izici eziyingozi eziphawulekayo:
- Ukuthintana nabantu abatheleleke ngesifo se-TB
- Ukuhlala ezindaweni zomhlaba ezinamazinga aphakeme e-TB njengase-Western Cape
- Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka engu-5
- Abantu abasebenza noma abahlala nabantu abasengozini yokuthola i-TB njengasezibhedlela noma emajele.
- TB spreads from one person to another in the air, especially in a closed room, taxi or bus with no fresh air.
I-TB isabalala isuka kumuntu oyedwa oye komunye ihamba emoyeni, ikakhulukazi egumbini elivaliwe, eteksini noma ebhasini elingenawo umoya ogelezayo.
Izimpawu
I-TB emaphashini ibangela ukukhwehlela okuhlala isikhathi eside okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhwehlela okungamahlala khona. Ingakwenza ujuluke ebusuku futhi inciphise isisindo sakho somzimba ngezinyanga ezimbalwa nje.
ezinye izimpawu ze-TB:
- zinhlungu zesifuba
- ubuthaka obubangelwa ukukhathala
- ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla
- ukugodola.
Ukwelashwa
Kunemithi ehlukahlukene ongayinikezwa abahlinzeki bezokwelapha ukuze welaphe i-TB ebizwa ngokuthi yimithi ye-antituberculosis. Injongo yomuthi we-antituberculosis ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila ngokunciphisa ukuvela kwezimpawu nangokuvimba amabhaktheriya ekuphindaphindekeni.
Ukwelashwa okuvamile kwe-pulmonary TB kwenziwa ngephilisi elihlanganisa okungu-4 ephilisini elingu-1 elibizwa ngokuthi inhlanganisela yomthamo oqondile. Lo muthi uthathwa nsuku zonke izinyanga ezingu-6 ukuze kuphume igciwane. Okubalulekile, ukuthi lo muthi uhambisana neminye imithi ukuze kuvinjelwe imithelela emibi yomthamo oqondile oyingxube. Kubalulekile ukubika noma yimiphi imithelela emibi kakhulu esikhungweni sempilo.
Yini engenzeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa?
I-TB ingasabalala isuka kwenye ingxenye yomzimba iye kwenye. Ngaphandle kwamaphaphu, i-TB ivame ukusabalala iye engqondweni okubangela i-TB meningitis.
I-TB engelashwa noma enakekelwa kabi ingaholela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zokumelana nomuthi. Ukumelana ne-TB kwelashwa ngemithi eyengeziwe isikhathi eside, esiqala ezinyangeni ezingu-9.
Ukuvimbela Nokulawula
Uma une-TB emaphashini akho, ungayisabalalisa emoyeni lapho ukhwehlela bese omunye umuntu eyihogela bese naye etheleleka nge-TB. Yingakho ukuvula amawindi eteksini, ebhasini noma ekhaya kuwumqondo omuhle ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi awuhogeli i-TB noma awuyisabalalisi kwabanye abantu. Uma ukhwehlela, qinisekisa ukuthi uyawemboza umlomo ngendololwane ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi awukhwehleleli emoyeni.
Ukumelana Ne-Antibiotic
Izifo zebhaktheriya zelashwa ngama-antibiotics. Nokho, ibhaktheriya, ingafunda indlela yokulwa ne-antibiotic. Ibhaktheriya ifunda indlela yokulwa nama-antibiotics uma kunikezwa ama-antibiotics anganembile, uma umuntu ekhohlwa ukuwathatha, uma umuntu eyeka ukuthatha ama-antibiotics ngokushesha noma uma umuntu ethatha inani elinganembile. Uma ibhaktheriya ifunda indlela yokubaleka noma yokunqoba i-antibiotic, leyo antibiotic ngeke ikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo. Ngokudabukisayo, awamaningi ama-antibiotics angasetshenziswa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuphela kwama-antibiotics asele ongawasebenzisa angaba nemithelela emibi kakhulu.
I-TB iyibhaktheriya enamandla kakhulu, yingakho odokotela benikeza ama-antibiotics angu-3. Ngokunikeza ama-antibiotics amelana ne-TB, kuzodingeka lesi sifo ifunde indlela yokunqoba imithi engu-3 ngesikhathi esisodwa okuyinto okunamathuba amancane kakhulu okuthi yenzeke.
Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma welashelwa i-TB wenze lokhu:
kufanele ungakhohlwa ukuthatha imithi yakho
- akufanele uyiyeke imithi ngaphambi kwesikhathi
- kufanele uthathe inani elifanele
- kufanele ubuyele kudokotela uma ungabi ngcono.
