Iyini i-HIV?
I-HIV imelela ihuman immunodeficiency virus. Igciwane lincane kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi lingakwenza ugule. I-HIV iwuhlobo lwegciwane elenza amasosha akho omzimba (amaseli omzimba alwa nezifo) abe buthaka. Yingakho i-HIV ibizwa ngokuthi yi-human immuno- (amasosha omzimba) deficiency (ukuba buthaka) virus.
Umuntu angayithola kanjani i-HIV?
Ungathola i-HIV egazini nakolunye uketshezi oluphuma emzimbeni olune-HI-virus. Yingakho ukusebenzisa ukwabelana nenaliti, ukuya ocansini ngaphandle kwekhondomu noma ukuthinta igazi eline-HI-virus kungakunikeza i-HIV.
Izimpawu
Abantu abaningi abane-HIV abazi ukuthi banayo ekuqaleni. Abantu abaningi bazizwa sengathi isikhumba siyaqubuka, banemfiva kanye/noma babe nezinhlungu emalungeni Kungathatha isikhathi isikhathi eside ukuzwa izimpawu, kodwa ungadlulisela igciwane kwabanye ngisho noma uzizwa unempilo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlolelwa i-HIV njalo.
Yini engenzeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa?
Uma une-HIV futhi ungayithathi imithi, amasosha akho omzimba (izivikelo zomzimba wakho) azoba buthaka futhi ungathola ezinye izifo noma ukutheleleka. Abantu abaningi abane-HIV abangayithathi imithi bathola izifo ezinjenge-TB kanye nezinye izifo, ezingaba yingozi. Umzimba wakho ngeke ukwazi ukulwa kalula nefo ngokuvamile okwazi ukulwa nazo.
Ukuvimbela Nokulawula
Ukuze uhlolelwe i-HIV, umtholampilo uthatha iconsi elilodwa legazi lakho bese lifakwa endukwini yokuvivinya. Le nduku ikwazi ukubona ukuthi umzimba wakho uyalwa yini ne-HIV, ngokuhlola ukuthi umzimba uyazama yini ukulwa ne-HIV ngokwakha ama-antibodies. Ama-antibodies angamakhemikhali amancane enziwa amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe nezifo. Lesi sivivinyo sikwazi ukubona ukuthi une-HIV ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-3 uthelelekile, ngoba kudingeka silinde umzimba wenze ama-antibodies. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isivivinyo asikwazi ukukutshela uma uye wathola i-HIV ezinyangeni ezintathu ezidlule. Yingakho kubalulekie ukuhlolwa njalo.
Uma isivivinyo sibonisa ukuthi uthelelekile, unesi noma udokotela uzophinde enze isivivinyo ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi sinembile. Uma sinembile, cishe une-HIV futhi kumelwe uqale ukuthatha imithi.
Ukukhulelwa ne-HIV
Owesifazane okhulelwe onempilo one-HIV unamathuba aphansi okuthelela ingane yakhe esesibelethweni ngegciwane. Kodwa uma umama engayithathi imithi yakhe, ingane ingase itheleleke ngegciwane lapho izalwa. Uma umama ethatha umuthi ngendlela achazelwa ngayo, ingane izovikeleka kakhulu egciwaneni. Umama angase ancelise uma ethatha umuthi.
Ukwelashwa
Imithi ye-HIV ibizwa ngokuthi ama-ARV noma i-ART, wokumelela ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-antiretroviral. Igama lisho ukuthi umuthi ulwa negciwane. I-ART iphumelela kakhulu ekulweni ne-HI-virus ngokucindezela ukusebenza kwaleli gciwane emizimbeni yethu. I-ART isebenza kahle, imahhala futhi itholakala kabanzi emkhakheni wozomphakathi njengoba uhulumeni uqinisekisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukuba nomuthi. Le mithi ayikwelaphi; iqinisekisa ukuthi igciwane alikhiqizi. Abantu baphila isikhathi eside ngendlela ejabulisayo uma bethatha ama-ARV ngendlela eyalelwe.
