Bukaneng ena re tla buisana ka:
- Rhinosinusitis
- Ho ruruha mahanana ho bakwang ke aleji (Allergic rhinitis)
- Tshwaetso ya Mahanana
“Rhino” ke lentswe la selatine le bolelang nko.
“Saenase” ke sekoti ka hara lesapo. Bukaneng ena, saenase kapa disaenase di bolela masoba masapong a potolohileng nko. Disaenase tsena di ntsha lero le kenang ka nkong le mmetsong.
Mantswe a qetellang ka "itis" a bontsha hore ho na le ho ruruha ho teng
Rhinosinusitis (Tshwaetso ya Saenase)
Ha re sebedisa ditlhaloso tsa rona tse kahodimo, re ka bona hore rhinosinusitis e ka utlwisiswa e le “rhino” = nko, “sinus” = masoba a lesapo le potolohileng nko mme a qetellang e leng “itis” a bolela ho ruruha. Rhinosinusitis ke boemo bo tlwaelehileng ba nko bo bonahalang ka ho ruruha ha lera le kantle la bokahare ba nko le ho ruruha ha disaenase tse haufi le lesoba la nko (paranasal sinuses).
Matshwao:
Rhinosinusitis e bonahala ka matshwao a latelang:
- Ho thibana dinko ka lebaka la ho tlallana
- Ho tswa mamina
- Ho kgohlela ha bana
- Bohloko ba sefahleho ha se hatellwa
- Ho fokotseha kapa ho se kgone ho fofonela
Haeba matshwao a nka matsatsi a fetang a 10 kapa ka tlase ho dibeke tse 12 (dikgwedi tse 3), sena se bitswa tshwaetso ya saenase (rhinosinusitis) e mpefetseng. Tshwaetso ya saenase e mpefetseng e ka boela ya arolwa ka disosa tse pedi tse ka sehloohong:
- Sefuba se tlwaelehileng/tshwaetso ya saenase
Hangata tshwaetso e mpefetseng ya saensase e bakwa ke ditshwaetso tse kokwanahloko e kang ya rhinovirus le vaerase ya sefuba. Sena se fella ka ho ruruha ha dikarolo tsa nko tse boletsweng kahodimo e leng se hlahisang matshwao.
Matshwao a nka matsatsi a ka tlase ho a 10. Tshwaetso ya saenase e kgona ho intjhafatsa, se bolelang hore e iphodisa ka bo yona ntle le phekolo. Ho bohlokwa hore o mine ho fokotsa mokedikedi o silafetseng hore o se ke wa kena ka hara disaenase tsa hao.
2. Tshwaetso ya saenase e sa kgaotseng (e boetse hape e tsejwa e le subacute rhinosinusitis)
Ke ha matshwao a nka matsatsi a 10 empa ka tlase ho dibeke tse 12. Sena hape se nkwa e le ho intjhafatsa.
Phekolo
Kaha tshwaetso ya saenase e ya intjhjafatsa, phekolo e reretswe ho laola matshwao ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo bo botle nakong ya ho kula. Ho itshetlehile ka matshwao, ho mpefala ha ona le mohlokomedi wa hao wa tlhokomelo ya bophelo, phekolo e ka nna ya kenyelletsa:
- Meriana ya bohloko le feberu jwalo ka paracetamol (mohl., Ponado)
- Ho fokotsa matshwao ka ho sebedisa metsi a letswai
- Meriana e thibollang dinko
- Ho futha
Tshwaetso ya baktheria ya saenase
Hangata tshwaetso ya baktheria ya saenase e bakwa ke baktheria, jwalo ka Streptococcus pneumoniae le Haemophilus influenzae. Hangata baktheria ya tshwaetso ya saenase e dula e le tshwaetso ya disaenase e bakwang ke kokwanahloko ya disaenase. Hangata matshwao a hlahellang kamora matsatsi a 7 kamora hore ho be le kokwanahloko e bakang tshwaetso ya disaenase le tshwaetso ya baktheria a bonahala ka dintho tse latelang:
- Mamina a fetotseng mmala o be o ‘mosehla/tala'
- Ho opelwa haholo lehlakoreng le le leng la sefahleho
- Feberu
- Matshwao a hlahang kamora beke ho tloha matshwaong a pele
Phekolo
Phekolo e akarelletsa ho sebedisa meriana ya kokwanahloko e mpefetseng ya disaenase ho phaella ho dithibelamafu tse laetsweng ke ngaka ya hao.
Ka kopo hlokomela hore dithibelamafu di sebediswa feela ha ho belaellwa tshwaetso ya baktheria e pakwang ke matshwao a boletsweng kahodimo.
Ho ruruha mahanana ho bakwang ke aleji (Allergic rhinitis)/feberu
Ho ruruha mahanana ho bakwa ke aleji ka nkong ka lebaka la ho hema ka nko dintho tse bakang aleji. Dintho tse bakang aleji tse tlwaelehileng di akarelletsa:
- Pholene
- Lerole
- Diphoofolo tse itseng
Tlwaelo ya ho ba le aleji ka lebaka la dintho tse e bakang e bakwa ke diphatsa tsa lefutso. O ka ithuta haholwanyane ka hore na ho ruruha ho bakwang ke aleji ho etsahala jwang bukaneng ya rona ya asma.
Matshwao
- Ho thimola
- Ho hlohlona
- Ho thibana dinko
- Ho ruruha le ho retela leihlo ('leihlo le lepinki')
- Ho taboha
- Ho ruruha
- Kgatello e eketsehileng tsebeng
- Ho tswa mamina
Matshwao a mang a akarelletsa mokgathala le ho otsela.
Mathata
- Mathata a tsebe bohareng a fellang ka ho ntsha lero kapa ho se utlwe hantle
- Disaenase tse mpefetseng le tse sa foleng
Phekolo
Phekolo e akarelletsa mekgahlelo e meraro e meholo
- Ho qoba le ho thibela ho hahlamelwa ke dintho tse bakang aleji
- Moriana wa antihistamines o thibelang kapa ho fokotsa ho mpefala ha ho ruruha hang ha o se o hahlametswe le ho laola matshwao
- Meriana e thibollang dinko
Tshwaetso ya disaenase e sa foleng/ disaenase
Disaenase tse sa foleng ke ho ruruha ka hara disaenase dibeke tse 12 kapa ho feta. Mme hangata ebe ho latela ho ruruha mahanana ka lebaka la aleji.
Matshwao
- Ho thibana dinko
- Ho tswa mamina
- Ho se kgone ho utlwa menko hantle
- Ho kgohlela
- Ho rotha kamora nko (mamina a theohelang tlase kamora nko ya hao ho fihlela mmetsong)
Phekolo
Kalafo e akarelletsa ho phekola meriana e lwantshang ho ruruha (intranasal corticosteroids) le dithibelamafu e le ho fihlella boemo boo matshwao a seng a sa tshwenye. Disaenase tse sa foleng di ka boela tsa phekolwa ka ho buuwa haeba matshwao a sa be betere ka phekolo ya meriana.
